Picture Credits

p. 333 “The spirit of improvement is abroad upon the earth.”

John Quincy Adams, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, U.S. Department of the Treasury, Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ADAMS,_John_Q-President_(BEP_engraved_portrait).jpg

Richard Rush, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, U.S. Department of the Treasury, Public Domain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Rush#/media/File:RUSH,_Richard-BEP069-Treasury_(BEP_engraved_portrait).jpg

Second Bank of the United States by Beyond My Ken is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Bank_of_the_United_States#/media/File:Second_Bank_of_the_United_States_front.jpg

p. 334 Mastering Nature for Man’s Benefit

A map showing 1860s canals from Brochure, National Park Service, Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio, Public Domain. No protection is claimed in original U.S. Government works. https://www.nps.gov/cuva/planyourvisit/the-ohio-and-erie-canal.htm

Pennsylvania Canals, work By Finetooth is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 [PD-USGov] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pennsylvania_canals.png

p. 335 America’s First Railroad: A Government Project

Ulke, Henry after Chester Harding, (1873), James Barbour, U.S. Secretary of War, U.S. Army Center of Military History, Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BarbourT.jpg

Peale, Charles Willson, Stephen H. Long, (1819), Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Licensed under CC0 1.0 Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stephen_Harriman_Long_portrait_montage.jpg

Inman, Henry, (c. 1843), Portrait of Major George Washington Whistler, Cincinnati Art Museum, Public Domain. [Note: Whistler was a major when Inman painted his portrait. He had been a lieutenant when he worked on the B & O Railroad.] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%27Major_George_Washington_Whistler%27_by_Henry_Inman,_Cincinnati_Art_Museum.JPG

B & O Railroad Common Stock, (1903), Collection of User: JGHowes/Cropped, PD-US. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:B%26O_RR_common_stock.jpg

p. 336 The West Point Foundry Made America’s First Locomotives

Best Friend of Charleston from “The Growth of the Steam-Engine. Part III: The Non-Condensing Engine, and its Application in the Locomotive.” by Robert Henry Thurston from The Popular Science Monthly, Vol. XII, January 1878, Fig. 34, p. 270, Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PSM_V12_D284_The_best_friend_1830.jpg

The West Point from When Railroads Were New by Charles Frederick Carter, New York: Henry Holt and Co., (1909), PD-US. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:West_Point_locomotive.jpg

The DeWitt Clinton, (Replica built after 1893), Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C., PD/PD-US. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DeWitt_Clinton_(locomotive).jpg

Brother Jonathan from The Introduction of the Locomotive Safety Truck, Contributions from The Museum of History and Technology, Paper 24, Smithsonian Institute, by John H. White, (1961), Project Gutenberg. Derivative work from original illustration by User: Pechristener, Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brother_Jonathan_side_view.jpg